Sead Military - MBDA's Meteor long-range air-to-air missile has been proposed as a future anti-radar weapon that could engage several European fighter jets. (MBDA)
Events in Syria, especially the deployment of sophisticated surface-to-air missile systems such as Russia's Almaz-Anti-S-400 Victory, give NATO pause for thought.
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Systems such as the S-400 can cover the 40N6 SAM with a range of 215.9 nmi/km (400 km/km), allowing such a system to cover a large area, making it a powerful anti-invasion/area denial weapon. Speaking at this year's European Electronic Warfare Conference and Exhibition in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, in early May, experts working closely with NATO provided insight into how the alliance envisions the future capabilities of Suppression of Enemy Air Defenses. (SEAD).
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The AGM-88E/F HARM is the mainstay of NATO's anti-radar capability. This weapon is used by the American, German and Italian armies. (US DoD)
At a September 2014 summit in Newport, Wales, the alliance's heads of government agreed that by 2025, NATO members Europe and Canada should provide 50 percent of the alliance's SEAD capabilities. Currently, most of the kinetic and electronic components of NATO's SEAD posture are provided by the US Air Force and US Navy Raytheon/Orbital ATK AGM-88E/F High Speed Anti-Radiation Missile. USAF General Dynamics/Lockheed Martin F-16CJ Wild Weasel SEAD aircraft, and USN McDonnell Douglas/Boeing FA-18 fighter and electronic warfare aircraft. However, European NATO members have some SEAD capability in the form of the Panavia Tornado-ECR SEAD aircraft which supports the German and Italian air forces.
The USAF and US Navy continue to carry the SEAD burden for NATO using platforms such as this USAF F-16CJ Wild Weasel. (US DoD)
The presentation added that in the future, the coalition should face a working situation where the radar can detect incoming aircraft in the 539.9nm (1000km) range, while the SAM range can be increased to 269.9nm (500km). In addition, radar detection frequencies are moving from the spectrum to very high frequencies (VHF/three to thirty gigahertz), as such systems can enable the detection of aircraft with a low Radar Cross Section (RCS). Low frequency radars can be difficult to locate and locate for airborne EW systems. Second, passive radars that detect radio transmissions from the aircraft's communication systems, radios, databases and radar emissions can be found using "passive radar" that detects these transmissions and then detects the aircraft.
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The presentation went on to say that NATO sees triangulation as the best way to reduce these threats, using an EW approach that uses destruction, incapacitation, deception, denial and destruction. According to NATO, destruction can be achieved using traditional kinetic means such as ARM, conventional weapons, electronic warfare and special forces operations. Disabling the enemy's electronic systems on which the integrated air defense system depends can be achieved through radar, radio communication and computer systems, ARM and electronic warfare, while cyber attacks can be played to deceive, deny and destroy these electronic components.
NATO's approach is closely linked to military and civilian industry and research institutions. For example, last year the reporter was told that MBDA was asked to evaluate the possibility of developing an air-to-air missile like the ARM in the future. In the absence of other information
Regarding this program, if the weapon is developed as an ARM, it can provide platforms that can carry this missile, such as the Eurofighter Typhoon, Saab JAS-39C/D/E Gripen and Dassault Rafale-F3B/C/D, and with them. the actual implementation of SEAD (as opposed to destroying enemy air defenses using conventional weapons). With the exception of the Tornado-ECR aircraft operated by Germany and Italy, the European members of NATO do not have specialized SEAD weapons.
The Luftwaffe's Tornado-EDR aircraft are part of the very few SEAD assets held by NATO. The Alliance is now considering how it can strengthen its SEAD capabilities. (US DoD)
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The Alliance is currently developing a road map on how to achieve the SEAD goals outlined at the Wales Summit discussed above. In addition, the topic emphasized the need for alliance members to ensure that existing or future national SEAD capabilities are consistent with NATO's overall SEAD strategy and serve national doctrine. The most common view is that European NATO members should be ready to deploy 50 percent of the alliance's SEAD capabilities by 2030.
Industry Indeed, industry should be called upon to assist NATO in achieving the goals discussed above. Apart from the long-term needs of the consortium, companies participating in the airborne EW domain are expected to grow in the near future. The electronics spoke
, as the events in Syria and Iraq discussed above show, "geographic conditions increase the need for EW capabilities." Technology also plays a role with new techniques such as EW detection
) allows for increased capabilities of current and future EW systems, the company added. A written request has been submitted
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Raytheon Elemtronica estimates that "the threat landscape continues to evolve with EW, and it's growing faster than ever." Additionally, the company maintains that airborne EW is not considered a "luxury" in the air force field. "EW was thought of as an incremental capability, but with ongoing threats, our customers are realizing the need for this capability across systems. With situational awareness, and 'eyes' on the electromagnetic spectrum, don't leave home without it."
Wrighton also acknowledged that airborne EW systems are more responsive to changing EW threat conditions. "The evolution of the threat is occurring at a rate that makes traditional identification methods unsuitable for real-time or even real-time operational purposes, such as self-defense. It is becoming more sophisticated, constantly changing its appearance (and) adapting to the fly." Identification method here, the company asks us to "imagine a threat detection system that does not require a Mission Data File" (MDF, which contains information about radio frequency threats encountered by aircraft during a specific mission). detect radar threats, and if those threats change their behavior, the system keeps up with it. The plane does not have to land and wait for the MDF to be re-prepared before taking off again. "The company is actively involved in the development of that technology
Harris also emphasized the importance of EW cognitive architecture: “The nature of today's EW environment requires technology capable of rapid response that can reveal intelligence about the environment that works to counter future threats in close quarters. "To enable next-generation airborne EW systems to rapidly respond to current and emerging threats," said John Woynar, director of business development and advanced project solutions at Lockheed Martin, "the equipment must include advances that they increase the frequency range. operations with the bandwidth of the system with high-speed digital processing. These systems, which require advances in processing and memory, will generate large amounts of data. "B. Correctly responsible."
Interference is another challenge for aerospace EW engineers. According to Petter Bedoir, head of marketing at Saab's EW business unit, civil communications are increasingly moving into frequency bands before radar storage. This is due to the spread of mobile communications around the world, and the increasing demands of the civilian world for bandwidth to meet this. The net effect of this is that the frequency at which the radar can operate is reduced, and civilian communications can "interfere" with military radar transmissions in the general electromagnetic environment. Mr. Bedoir says these challenges can be solved through "more broadly selective digital receivers" that can separate different signals.
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They consider how airborne EW technology will evolve, especially as the company unveils architecture becomes more important in the design of EW systems. "Although open architecture has been on the radar for more than a decade, industry challenges continue to impact procurement strategies regardless of industry solutions available to support mission needs." In addition to the benefits that open architecture can provide, software-defined architecture (where system capabilities can be enhanced through software optimization)
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